State capture is a systematic type of corruption with the potential to transform the state or parts of it by shaping the rules of the game to benefit vested interests. However, existing measures of corruption are inadequate to discern the prevalence of state capture from that of petty forms of corruption, suggesting that a change of course is needed if the aim is to produce appropriate policy responses to the phenomenon. This Insights Brief, the last in a series of interim reports on the GPMC’s phase one research, explains why a targeted shift to state capture measurement is useful, takes stock of various approaches to the matter, and analyzes their promises and pitfalls. Further, it outlines a diversity of indicators and data sources that can be harnessed to measure state capture at the country level and hints at a research agenda ahead.